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Glossary
GL-7
User Guide for Cisco Secure Access Control System 5.3
OL-24201-01
digital envelope
An encrypted message with the encrypted session key.
digital signature
A hash of a message that uniquely identifies the sender of the message and proves the message hasn't
changed since transmission.
DSA
digital signature algorithm. An asymmetric cryptographic algorithm that produces a digital signature
in the form of a pair of large numbers. The signature is computed using rules and parameters such that
the identity of the signer and the integrity of the signed data can be verified.
(DSS
Digital Signature Standard. The US Government standard that specifies the Digital Signature
Algorithm (DSA), which involves asymmetric cryptography.
disassembly
The process of taking a binary program and deriving the source code from it.
disruption
A circumstance or event that interrupts or prevents the correct operation of system services and
functions.
DIT
directory information tree (also known as the naming context). The hierarchy of objects that make up
the local directory structure. More than one DIT may be supported by an LDAP server. The Root DSE
will provide this information.
DN
Distinguished Name. A DN is comprised of a series of RDNs that uniquely describe the naming
attributes on the path UP the DIT from the required entry to the directory root. A DN is written LEFT
to RIGHT and looks something like this:
domain
A sphere of knowledge, or a collection of facts about some program entities or a number of network
points or addresses, identified by a name. On the Internet, a domain consists of a set of network
addresses. In the Internet's domain name system, a domain is a name with which name server records
are associated that describe sub-domains or host. In Windows NT and Windows 2000, a domain is a
set of network resources (applications, printers, and so forth) for a group of users. The user need only
to log in to the domain to gain access to the resources, which may be located on a number of different
servers in the network.
domain name
Locates an organization or other entity on the Internet. For example, the domain name "www.sans.org"
locates an Internet address for "sans.org" at Internet point 199.0.0.2 and a particular host server named
"www". The "org" part of the domain name reflects the purpose of the organization or entity (in this
example, "organization") and is called the top-level domain name. The "sans" part of the domain name
defines the organization or entity and together with the top-level is called the second-level domain
name.
DNS
Domain Name System. The way that Internet domain names are located and translated into IP
addresses. A domain name is a meaningful and easy-to-remember "handle" for an Internet address.
DSA Directory
System Agent
X.500 term for any DAP or LDAP enabled directory service e.g. an LDAP server.
DSE DSA Specific
Entry
An entry in a local directory server.
due diligence
The requirement that organizations must develop and deploy a protection plan to prevent fraud, abuse,
and additional deploy a means to detect them if they occur.