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32
The Sony Guide to CCTV
.
Issue 3
Basic CCTV Terminology
APC
Adaptive Picture Control.VCR function which
automatically detects the condition of the
recording head and the video tape and then
sets the optimum record head current to
prevent over-modulation.
AGC
Automatic Gain control. Usually a switchable
circuit that allows the camera to provide a
‘useable’ picture during low light levels.You
can generally tell when the circuit is operating
because the picture appears to be ‘grainy’.
AMBIENT LIGHT
Lighting level that is normal for a certain area.
It generally does not alter.It also can mean
the background light level of a certain area.
APERTURE CORRECTION
Switchable correction circuit which sharpens
the image of a picture electronically.
AUTO IRIS
Causes the aperture of a lens to automatically
adjust to varying light levels, thus providing a
constant picture.
BNC
Commonly used video connector for
composite video.
BALANCING LINE
A circuit for transmission of video signals
which are equal in voltage, but of opposite
polarity.
BANDWIDTH
A value which expresses the difference
between the upper and lower limits through a
range of frequencies.
BLACK LEVEL
A measurement of a video signal that
matches a specified maximum limit for black
peaks in the picture.
CCD
Charge Coupled Device.The latest technology
for imaging devices. There are two main
types: Interline transfer and Interframe
transfer.
CCTV
A Closed Circuit Television System which is
for private purposes only, and not for public or
general broadcasting.
CODEC
Short for coder/decoder.An ISDN transmission
system designed to the international
teleconferencing standard, H.320.
CONTINUOUS STRIPE PHOSPHORS
Method employed within Trinitron monitors to
increase brightness and resolution over
conventional dot pattern CRTs.
C MOUNT
The industry standard type of screw threaded
lens mount.
CS MOUNT
Same thread as C-mount.
COMPOSITE VIDEO
1.A video signal in which the luminance and
chrominance components have been combined
(encoded) as in NTSC, PAL or SECAM.
2.A video signal obtained by combining parts
of at least two video signals, for example by
keying or matting.
CROSS TALK
Electrical interference caused by
electromagnetic or electrostatic couplings
from nearby conductors or external sources.It
can also refer to interference between two or
more signals in close proximity within a
bandpass.
CRT
Cathode Ray Tube.Means by which the
picture is displayed on a monitor.
dB
Decibel, a ration of input power.It is also a
measurement of sound levels.
DARK CURRENT
Leakage signal from a CCD sensor in the
absence of incident light.
DARK NOISE
Noise caused by the random nature of the
dark current.