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Photography Terms and Denitions
Terms Denitions
Auto Focus (AF)
Auto focus refers to a cameras’ ability to adjust its conguration in order
to focus properly on a subject regardless of whether it is near or far from
the camera. Auto focus lenses generally provide vastly superior image
quality than do their xed focus cousins since they do not have to rely on
their depth of eld. Also known as: “AF”, “auto-focus”.
White Balance
The adjustment of electronic still picture color channel gains or image
processing so that radiation with relative spectral power distribution equal
to that of the scene illumination source is rendered as a visual neutral.
Auto White Balance
(AWB)
An algorithm in the camera that compensates for different kinds of lighting
and adjusts for the best image quality. Many people just leave the camera
set to auto white balance all of the time.
Digital Print Order
Format (DPOF)
A standardized ASCII le created in a digital camera and stored on
removable media along with the image les that indicate how many copies
of which images should be printed. It also allows index prints, cropping,
and text overlays to be specied.
Exif/JPEG
A compressed le format for digital cameras in which the images are
compressed using the baseline JPEG standard, described in ISO 12234-2,
and metadata and thumbnail images are stored using TIFF tags within an
application segment at the beginning of the JPEG le.
JPEG
Joint Photographic Experts Group. An image compression method
dened in ISO/IEC 10918-1.
Exposure Value
A numerical value that is inversely proportional to the exposure provided
to an image sensor to obtain an image. Images obtained from a camera
using a range of exposure index values will normally provide a range of
image quality levels.
ISO Speed
A numerical value calculated from the exposure provided at the focal
plane of an electronic camera to produce specied camera output signal
characteristics using the methods described in the referenced standard.
The ISO speed should correlate with the highest exposure index value
that provides peak image quality for normal scenes.
USB
Universal serial bus, a digital interface for connecting up to 64 devices in
a tiered-star topology. See http://www.usb.org.