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120 • Glossary of Terms Genie Monochrome Series-GigE Vision Camera
GenICam specification
Specification of the European Machine Vision Association (EMVA, www.emva.org). Defines the
capabilities of any GigE Vision device.
Grab
Acquiring an image frame.
Grayscale
In image processing, the range of available brightness levels, displayed in shades of gray. In an 8-bit
system, the gray scale contains values from 0 to 255. A 10-bit system has a range of 0-1023.
GVCP – GigE Vision Control Protocol
One of the core protocols of the GigE Vision specification used to control camera. GVCP uses UDP port
3956 on the camera.
GVSP – GigE Vision Stream Protocol
One of the core protocols of the GigE Vision specification used to stream images.
Host
Refers to the computer system that supports the installed frame grabber.
IP – Internet Protocol
The Internet Protocol is the method by which data is sent from one computer to another on a network or
across the Internet. Each device must have an IP address to identify that device on the network or on the
Internet.
LLA
Link-Local Address is a protocol providing a scheme for devices to automatically assign themselves an IP
address and check for IP conflict. Used in unmanaged networks.
NIC
Network Interface Card/Controller. For the Genie products the NIC must be a Gigabit Ethernet interface to
provide sufficient bandwidth.
Pixel
A contraction of "picture element". The number of pixels describes the number of digital samples taken of
the analog video signal. The number of pixels per video line by the number of active video lines describes
the acquisition image resolution. The binary size of each pixel (e.g., 8-bits, 16-bits, 24-bits) defines the
number of gray levels or colors possible for each pixel.
PRNU
Photo-Response Non-Uniformity. For a given even illumination the difference between the minimum and
maximum measured pixel values is the PRNU.
Progressive Scan Camera
The progressive scan format outputs data from the camera (the signal) in sequential order as it is scanned.
The scan format produces a full frame of video in a continuous stream, rather than half the image per
output sequence in standard interlaced cameras.
Random Noise
Random noise is defined as the difference in peak to peak value for any single pixel repetitively sampled,
with the sensor in darkness. For digital cameras the measurement is based on at least 512 samples from any
pixel.
Router
A Router device forwards packets across networks. It operates at Layer 3 of the seven-layer OSI model.
Note that broadcast packets (such as GigE Vision Device Discovery message) do not cross routers.