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P
PING
Packet Internet Groper, a utility used to determine
whether a specific IP address is accessible. It functions
b
y sending a packet to the specified address and waits
for a reply. It is primarily used to troubleshoot Internet
connections.
PPPoE
Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet. PPPoE is a
specification for connecting the users on an Ethernet to
the Internet through a common broadband medium,
such as DSL or cable modem. All the users over the
Ethernet share a common connection.
Protocol
Communication on the network is governed by sets of
rules called protocols. Protocols provide the guidelines
devices use to communicate with each other, and thus
they have different functions. Some protocols are
responsible for formatting and presenting and
presenting data that will be transferred from file server
memory to the file server’s net work adapter Others are
responsible for filtering information between networks
and forwarding data to its destination. Still other
protocols dictate how data is transferred across the
medium, and how servers respond to workstation
requests and vice versa. Common network protocols
responsible for the presentation and formatting of data
for a network operating system are the Internetwork
Packet Exchange (IPX) protocol or the Internet
Protocol (IP). Protocols that dictate the format of data
for transferors the medium include token-
p
assing and
Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection
(CSMA/CD),implemented as token-ring, ARCNET,
FDDI, or Ethernet. The Router Information Protocol
(RIP), a part of the Transmission Control Protocol/
Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) suite, forwards packets from