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54 A SHORT GUIDE TO PHOTOGRAPHY
Photography can be a rewarding pursuit. It is a broad and disciplined field that can take
years to master. But the pleasure in making photographs and the joy of capturing a
magical moment cannot be compared. The guide is an introduction to some basic
photographic principles.
A SHORT GUIDE TO PHOTOGRAPHY
The zoom lens not only affects how large the subject is in
the picture, but it also influences the depth of field and
perspective. Depth of field is the area between the
closest object in focus and the furthest object in focus. As
the lens zooms in to the telephoto position, the depth of
field becomes shallower, separating the subject from the
background. Many portraits are taken with telephoto
lenses. Zooming the lens out to the wide-angle position
makes both the foreground and background appear
sharper. Usually landscape photographs take advantage
of the large depth of field of wide-angle lenses.
Wide-angle lenses also create a strong perspective which
gives a sense of depth in the image. Telephoto lenses
compress the space between the subject and
background and create a weak perspective.
Ev stands for exposure value. A change
of one Ev adjusts the exposure by a
factor of two.
WHAT IS AN EV?
+2.0 Ev 4X as much light
+1.0 Ev
–1.0 Ev
–2.0 Ev
2X as much light
1/2 as much light
1/4 as much light
Calculated exposure