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Appendix
Technical Notes
Flash Control
Flash output is adjusted using one of the following systems when a CPU lens is used in
combination with the built-in flash or optional SB-400, SB-800, or SB-600 Speedlights.
Standard i-TTL flash control is used with spot metering (A 62) or when selected with the
optional Speedlight. i-TTL balanced fill-flash for digital SLR is used in all other cases.
Shutter Speeds Available with the Built-in Flash
Aperture, Sensitivity, and Flash Range
Flash range varies with sensitivity (ISO equivalency) and aperture.
i-TTL Balanced Fill-Flash for Digital SLR
Flash output is adjusted for a natural balance between the main subject and the
background.
Standard i-TTL Fill-Flash for Digital SLR
Flash output is adjusted for the main subject; the brightness of the background is not taken
into account. Recommended for use with exposure compensation, for shots in which the
main subject is emphasized at the expense of background details.
Mode Shutter speed Mode Shutter speed
e, g, i, a, c
1
/200–
1
/60s b
1
/200–30s
k
1
/200–
1
/125s d
1
/200–30s, Bulb
l
1
/200–1s
ISO equivalent
Range (m/ft.)
100 200 400 800 1600
Aperture
1.4 2 2.8 4 5.6 1.0–8.5 (3ft. 3in.–27ft. 11in.)
2 2.8 4 5.6 8 0.7–6.0 (2ft. 4in.–19ft. 8in.)
2.8 4 5.6 8 11 0.6–4.2 (2ft.–13ft. 9in.)
4 5.6 8 11 16 0.6–3.0 (2ft.–9ft. 10in.)
5.6 8 11 16 22 0.6–2.1 (2ft.–6ft. 11in.)
8 11 16 22 32 0.6–1.5 (2ft.–4ft. 11in.)
11 16 22 32 — 0.6–1.1 (2ft.–3ft. 7in.)
16 22 32 — — 0.6–0.7 (2ft.–2ft. 4in.)