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AXIS 241Q/241S - Glossary
WAN (Wide Area Network) as a large single LAN (Local Area Network). This kind of interconnection is known as a virtual
private network (VPN).
Pre/post alarm images - The images from immediately before and after an alarm. These images are stored in a buffer for
later retrieval.
Progressive scan - Progressive scan, as opposed to interlaced video, scans the entire picture, line by line every sixteenth of a
second. In other words, captured images are not split into separate fields as in interlaced scanning.
Computer monitors do not need interlace to show the picture on the screen, but instead show them progressively, on one line
at a time in perfect order i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 etc., so there is virtually no "flickering" effect. In a surveillance application, this
can be critical when viewing detail within a moving image, such as a person running. A high-quality monitor is required to
get the best from progressive scan. See also Interlacing.
Protocol - A special set of rules governing how two entities will communicate. Protocols are found at many levels of
communication, and there are hardware protocols and software protocols.
Proxy server - In an enterprise that uses the Internet, a proxy server acts as an intermediary between a workstation user and
the Internet. This provides security, administrative control, and a caching service. Any proxy server associated with a
gateway server, or part of a gateway server, effectively separates the enterprise network from the outside network and the
local firewall. It is the firewall server that protects the enterprise network from outside intrusion.
PTZ (Pan Tilt Zoom) - A PTZ-enabled camera can be remotely controlled so as to change the view from the camera. Panning
is the movement of the camera along its horizontal axis, tilting is the movement of the camera along its vertical axis, and
zooming is the adjustment of the zoom lens to magnify the view.
P-VOP - See VOP.
Resolution - Image resolution is a measure of how much detail a digital image can hold: the greater the resolution, the
greater the level of detail. Resolution can be specified as the number of pixel-columns (width) by the number of pixel-rows
(height), e.g. 320x240.
Alternatively, the total number of pixels (usually in megapixels) in the image can be used. In analog systems it is also
common to use other format designations, such as CIF, QCIF, 4CIF, etc.
RS-232 - A long-established standard that describes the physical interface and protocol for low-speed serial data
communication between devices. This is the interface that e.g. a computer uses to talk to and exchange data with a modem
and other serial devices.
RS-485 - An upgraded version of RS-422 that supports up to 32 devices on the same connection. RS-485 is an electrical
specification of a two-wire, half-duplex, multipoint serial connection. It enables the configuration of inexpensive local
networks and multidrop communications links. It offers high data transmission speeds (up to 10Mbit/s), and as it uses a
differential balanced line over twisted pair (like RS-422), it can span relatively large distances (4000 feet or 1200 meters).
RS-485 only specifies the electrical characteristics of the driver and the receiver. It does not specify or recommend any data
protocol.
RTCP (Real-Time Control Protocol) - RTCP provides support for real-time conferencing of groups of any size within an
intranet. This support includes source identification and support for gateways like video bridges as well as
multicast-to-unicast translators. It offers quality-of-service feedback from receivers to the multicast group as well as support
for the synchronization of different media streams.
RTP (Real-Time Transport Protocol) - An Internet protocol for the transport of real-time data, such as video. It can be used
for media-on-demand as well as interactive services such as Internet telephony.
RTSP (Real Time Streaming Protocol) - A control protocol, and a starting point for negotiating transports such as RTP,
multicast and Unicast, and for negotiating codecs. RTSP can be considered a "remote control" for controlling the media
stream delivered by a media server. RTSP servers typically use RTP as the protocol for the actual transport of video data.
Router - A device that determines the next network point to which a packet should be forwarded on its way to its final
destination. A router creates and/or maintains a special routing table that stores information on how best to reach certain
destinations. A router is sometimes included as part of a network switch. See also Switch.
Security surveillance - Network video's advanced functionality makes it highly suited to the applications involved in
security surveillance. The flexibility of digital technology enhances security personnel's ability to protect people, property
and assets. Such systems are therefore an especially attractive option for companies currently using CCTV.
Server - In general, a server is a computer program that provides services to other computer programs in the same or other