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Glossary of terms
177
10
Appendix
Eclipsing (Vignetting)
This refers to when an object obscures part of the field of view so that the whole
subject is not photographed. Vignetting also refers to when the image seen through
the viewfinder does not exactly match the image shot through the objective lens, so
the photographed image includes objects not seen through the viewfinder. In
addition, vignetting can occur when an incorrect lens hood is used, causing
shadowing to appear in the corners of the image.
ESP (Electro-Selective Pattern) Light Metering/Digital ESP Light
Metering
This determines the exposure by metering and calculating the light levels in the
center and other areas of the image separately.
EV (Exposure Value)
A system for measuring exposure. EV0 is when the aperture is at F1 and the shutter
speed is 1 second. The EV then increases by 1 each time the aperture increases by
one F stop or the shutter speed increases by one increment. EV can also be used to
indicate brightness and ISO settings.
Exposure
The amount of light used to capture an image. The exposure is determined by the
time the shutter is open (shutter speed) and the amount of light that passes through
the lens (aperture).
Image size
The size of an image expressed by the number of pixels that make up the image. For
instance, a picture taken with an image size of 640 × 480 fills the computer screen
when the monitor setting is 640 × 480. However, if the monitor setting is
1,024 × 768, the picture only takes up part of the screen.
ISO
A method for indicating film speed by the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) (ex. “ISO100”). Higher ISO values indicate greater sensitivity
to light, so images can be exposed even in low-light conditions.
JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group)
A compression format for still images. Photographs (images) shot using this camera
are recorded onto the card in JPEG format when the record mode is set to SHQ, HQ,
SQ1 or SQ2. By downloading these images to a personal computer, users can edit
them using graphics application software or view the images using an Internet web
browser.
M (Manual) Mode
The user sets both the aperture and shutter speed.
NTSC (National Television Systems Committee) / PAL (Phase
Alternating Line)
Television formats. NTSC is mainly used in Japan, North America and Korea. PAL
is mainly used in Europe and China.
P (Program) Mode
Also called Program AE mode. The camera automatically sets the best shutter
speed and aperture for the shot.
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