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Glossary
Threshold
The limit up to which Unsharp Mask will be applied. While it is generally the case that the
higher the threshold, the greater the amount of sharpening applied, the exact effect depends
on other Unsharp Mask settings, such as halo width. See also Halo width, Unsharp Mask.
Thumbnail
A small preview image, the digital equivalent of a photographic fi lm contact sheet. Images
loaded into Nikon Capture are displayed in a thumbnail list in the Thumbnails section of the
Camera Image window.
TIFF
Tagged Image File Format, an image fi le format for color or grayscale images, suited to stor-
ing bit-mapped images such as digital photographs. In some implementations, TIFF supports
“lossless” LZW and packbit compression (in “lossless” compression methods, no information
is lost when the image is compressed, as opposed to “lossy” compression methods such as
JPEG, in which detail is sacrifi ced to achieve higher compression ratios). LZW compression is
available when saving TIFF (RGB) images in Nikon Capture 4 Ver. 4.3 or later. See also Com-
pression, JPEG.
Tone
Pixel brightness, measured either as the combined intensity for red, green, and blue or the
intensity of each of these colors (channels) individually. The number of tones that can be
expressed depends on the bit depth of the image; Nikon Capture 4 supports 256 tone levels
per channel at a bit depth of eight bits and 4096 tone levels per channel at a bit depth of
twelve bits (data with a bit depth of twelve bits are handled internally as sixteen-bit data).
The distribution of tones in the image can be seen in the Curves window histogram. See also
Bit depth.
Tone curve
A visual tool for editing tones, enhancing brightness and contrast in a selected portion of
the tone range. Changing the shape of the tone curve changes the mapping between input
(the tones in the original image) and output (tones as they appear after editing). The digital
equiv a lent of a densitometric curve. See also Tone.
Unsharp Mask
A fi lter for increasing the apparent sharpness of bit-mapped images. Sometimes abbreviated
as “USM.” Unsharp masks emphasize the differences in color and brightness between edges
(outlines) and the rest of the image. See also Halo width, Threshold.
USB
Universal Serial Bus. A standard for computer serial interfaces which allows automatic “plug-
and-play” recognition of peripheral devices and “hot plug” connection of peripherals while
the computer or device is on. Depending on the type of interface installed on the computer,
USB will operate at high speed (USB 2.0 only), with data transfer rates of up to 480 Mbps, or
full speed (USB 1.1, USB 2.0), with data transfer rates of up to 12 Mbps. For more information,
consult the manufacturer.