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Teledyne API – T100 UV Fluorescence SO
2
Analyzer Table of Contents
xv
13.1.1. SO
2
Ultraviolet Fluorescence Measurement Principle...................................................................... 279
13.1.2. The UV Light Path............................................................................................................................. 282
13.1.3. UV Source Lamp............................................................................................................................... 283
13.1.4. The Reference Detector.................................................................................................................... 284
13.1.5. The PMT ........................................................................................................................................... 284
13.1.6. UV Lamp Shutter & PMT Offset........................................................................................................ 284
13.1.7. Optical Filters.................................................................................................................................... 285
13.1.8. Optical Lenses .................................................................................................................................. 287
13.1.9. Measurement Interferences.............................................................................................................. 288
13.2. Oxygen (O
2
) Sensor Principles of Operation ...................................................................................... 289
13.2.1. Paramagnetic Measurement of O
2
.................................................................................................... 289
13.2.2. O
2
Sensor Operation within the T100 Analyzer................................................................................ 290
13.3. Carbon Dioxide (CO
2
) Sensor Principles of Operation ...................................................................... 291
13.3.1. NDIR Measurement of CO
2
.............................................................................................................. 291
13.3.2. CO
2
Operation within the T100 Analyzer.......................................................................................... 292
13.3.3. Electronic Operation of the CO
2
Sensor........................................................................................... 292
13.4. Pneumatic Operation............................................................................................................................. 293
13.4.1. Sample Gas Flow.............................................................................................................................. 293
13.4.2. Flow Rate Control ............................................................................................................................. 294
13.4.3. Hydrocarbon Scrubber (Kicker) ........................................................................................................ 295
13.4.4. Pneumatic Sensors........................................................................................................................... 296
13.5. Electronic Operation.............................................................................................................................. 297
13.5.1. CPU................................................................................................................................................... 299
13.5.2. Sensor Module.................................................................................................................................. 300
13.5.3. Photo Multiplier Tube (PMT)............................................................................................................. 302
13.5.4. PMT Cooling System ........................................................................................................................ 304
13.5.5. PMT Preamplifier .............................................................................................................................. 305
13.5.6. Pneumatic Sensor Board.................................................................................................................. 307
13.5.7. Relay Board ...................................................................................................................................... 307
13.5.8. Motherboard...................................................................................................................................... 309
13.5.9. Analog Outputs ................................................................................................................................. 310
13.5.10. External Digital I/O.......................................................................................................................... 311
13.5.11. I
2
C Data Bus ................................................................................................................................... 311
13.5.12. Power up Circuit.............................................................................................................................. 311
13.5.13. Power Supply/ Circuit Breaker........................................................................................................ 311
13.6. Front Panel/Display Interface ............................................................................................................... 313
13.6.1. LVDS Transmitter Board................................................................................................................... 313
13.6.2. Front Panel Interface PCA................................................................................................................ 313
13.7. Software Operation................................................................................................................................ 314
13.7.1. Adaptive Filter................................................................................................................................... 314
13.7.2. Calibration - Slope and Offset........................................................................................................... 315
13.7.3. Temperature and Pressure Compensation (TPC) Feature .............................................................. 315
13.7.4. Internal Data Acquisition System (DAS)........................................................................................... 316
14. A PRIMER ON ELECTRO-STATIC DISCHARGE......................................................... 317
14.1. How Static Charges are Created .......................................................................................................... 317
14.2. How Electro-Static Charges Cause Damage....................................................................................... 318
14.3. Common Myths About ESD Damage ................................................................................................... 319
14.4. Basic Principles of Static Control ........................................................................................................ 320
14.4.1. General Rules................................................................................................................................... 321
14.5. Basic Anti-ESD Procedures for Analyzer Repair and Maintenance ................................................. 322
14.5.1. Working at the Instrument Rack ....................................................................................................... 322
14.5.2. Working at an Anti-ESD Work Bench ............................................................................................... 322
14.5.3. Transferring Components Between Rack and Bench ...................................................................... 323
14.5.4. Opening Shipments from Teledyne ................................................................................................... 324
14.5.5. Packing Components for Return to Teledyne API............................................................................ 324
GLOSSARY........................................................................................................................... 326
INDEX.................................................................................................................................... 331
06807C DCN6650